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　它采用隔(ge)爆(bao)(bao)外殼(ke)把(ba)可能產生火(huo)花(hua)、電(dian)(dian)弧和危險溫度的(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)部分與(yu)周圍的(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)體混合(he)物(wu)(wu)隔(ge) 開。但是,這種外殼(ke)并非是密封的(de),周圍的(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)體混合(he)物(wu)(wu)可以通過外殼(ke)的(de)各部分接(jie)合(he)面間(jian)隙進入電(dian)(dian)機內(nei)部。當(dang)與(yu)外殼(ke)內(nei)的(de)火(huo)花(hua)、電(dian)(dian)弧、危險高溫等引燃源接(jie)觸時就可能發生爆(bao)(bao)炸,這時電(dian)(dian)機的(de)隔(ge)爆(bao)(bao)外殼(ke)不(bu)僅不(bu)會(hui)損壞(huai)或變形,而且爆(bao)(bao)炸火(huo)焰或熾熱(re)氣(qi)(qi)體通過接(jie)合(he)面間(jian)隙傳(chuan)出時,也不(bu)能引燃周圍的(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)體混合(he)物(wu)(wu)。

      當一臺三(san)相異步防爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)通入三(san)相交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，它要同(tong)時完(wan)(wan)成上(shang)述兩個過(guo)程。通入三(san)相交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的繞組要產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，以4極為(wei)例，4極繞組要產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)4個閉(bi)合(he)磁(ci)回路。這一閉(bi)合(he)回路要穿過(guo)氣隙(xi)，經由(you)轉(zhuan)子(zi)缺芯(xin)，再回到(dao)(dao)定(ding)子(zi)鐵芯(xin)閉(bi)合(he)。旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)為(wei)n1=60f/p（r/min），也(ye)撐防爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的同(tong)步轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)，式(shi)中(zhong)f：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源頻率，Hz；p：極對數。在旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)作用下，轉(zhuan)子(zi)導(dao)條(tiao)因(yin)(yin)切(qie)割磁(ci)力(li)線(xian)(xian)，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，完(wan)(wan)成率第(di)一個過(guo)程；而栽流(liu)的轉(zhuan)子(zi)導(dao)條(tiao)在磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)中(zhong)要收到(dao)(dao)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的拉力(li)，完(wan)(wan)成了(le)第(di)二個過(guo)程，防爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)子(zi)因(yin)(yin)導(dao)條(tiao)受到(dao)(dao)拉力(li)而旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)，轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)為(wei)n。若n=n1，導(dao)條(tiao)與旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)間就(jiu)因(yin)(yin)相對靜止而沒(mei)有切(qie)割磁(ci)力(li)線(xian)(xian)，也(ye)就(jiu)不(bu)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，導(dao)條(tiao)就(jiu)得不(bu)到(dao)(dao)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的拉力(li)，轉(zhuan)子(zi)就(jiu)不(bu)能(neng)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)。就(jiu)是說，切(qie)割磁(ci)力(li)線(xian)(xian)，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，受到(dao)(dao)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的拉動而旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)。沒(mei)有這個“異”就(jiu)不(bu)能(neng)工作，故稱異步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)。

增安型電(dian)機工作原理：
　　它是在(zai)正常(chang)運(yun)行條件下(xia)(xia)不(bu)會(hui)產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)、火花(hua)或(huo)危險高溫(wen)(wen)的電(dian)(dian)機結構上,再采取一些機械、電(dian)(dian)氣和熱的保(bao)護措(cuo)施(shi),使之進一步避免在(zai)正常(chang)或(huo)認可(ke)的過(guo)載條件下(xia)(xia)出現電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)、火花(hua)或(huo)高溫(wen)(wen)的危險,從而確(que)保(bao)其防爆安全性。

無(wu)火花型電機工作原理：

　　此電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)是指在正常(chang)運行條(tiao)件下(xia),不(bu)(bu)會點(dian)燃周(zhou)圍爆炸性混合物,且一般又不(bu)(bu)會發(fa)生點(dian)燃故障的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)。與增(zeng)安(an)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)相比,除對絕緣介電(dian)(dian)(dian)強度試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、繞(rao)組溫升、tE(在最(zui)高(gao)環境溫度下(xia)達到(dao)額定(ding)運行最(zui)終(zhong)溫度后(hou)的(de)交流(liu)繞(rao)組,從開(kai)始通(tong)過起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時計起(qi)至上升到(dao)極限溫度的(de)時間(jian))以及起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)比不(bu)(bu)象增(zeng)安(an)型(xing)那(nei)樣(yang)有特殊規定(ding)外,其他方面(mian)與增(zeng)安(an)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)設計要(yao)求(qiu)一樣(yang)。